October is Shocktober, the month set aside for sudden cardiac arrest awareness. ProMED Tasmania's crews covered 262 events across the state last year, and our trainers teach CPR every week. But when a heart stops, the first few minutes almost always belong to whoever is standing closest. Most of the time, that's a family member at home.
Why Minutes Matter
More than 32,000 people in Australia have a cardiac arrest each year, and 80% of those happen at home. Only about one in ten people survive one outside hospital. When a bystander starts CPR and a defibrillator is used within the first three to five minutes, survival can rise to 60–70%, according to the Heart Foundation. Each minute without CPR or defibrillation cuts the chance of survival by around 10%.
That matters more here than anywhere. The Menzies Institute reported last year that ambulances in Tasmania take an average of 10.5 minutes to arrive, the longest response time in the country.
Heart Attack Or Cardiac Arrest?
They are different emergencies. A heart attack is a circulation problem: a blocked artery starves part of the heart muscle of blood. The person is usually awake, breathing and able to tell you something is wrong.
A cardiac arrest is an electrical fault. The heart stops pumping effectively, and the person collapses, can't be roused and isn't breathing normally. Gasping, gurgling, or snoring-like sounds are not normal breathing, so don't let them reassure you. A heart attack can lead to a cardiac arrest, and both need a Triple Zero (000) call straight away.
Call. Push. Shock.
- Call Triple Zero (000). The call-taker will stay on the line and talk you through what to do.
- Push hard and fast in the centre of the chest, at about 100–120 compressions a minute.
- Shock with an automated external defibrillator (AED) as soon as one arrives. Switch it on and follow the voice prompts.